Etude des déterminants psychologiques de la vaccination COVID-19 du personnel de santé de l’Ouest Algérien

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Publiée août 25, 2022
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Vol. 100 No 12 (2022): Revue Dec.2022

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Chahrazed Kandouci
Fethi Meçabih
Ikram Bakhti
Sara Belfakroun
Salma Moueden
Imene Meçabih
Amel Sehimi
Mohamed Yacine Achouri
Ahmed Ben Abdelaziz

Résumé

Introduction: L`hésitation vaccinale est un défi majeur du contrôle de la pandémie de la COVID-19, basé sur les professionnels de la
santé jouant un rôle majeur dans son acceptation. Objectif: Décrire l`acceptation des vaccins contre la COVID-19 parmi les agents de
santé de la wilaya de Sidi Bel Abbès (Algérie) et analyser ses facteurs déterminants.
Méthode : Une étude descriptive de type transversal a été menée du 01 décembre 2021 au 31 janvier 2022 et a concerné les professionnels de la santé de la wilaya de Sidi Bel Abbès , à travers un questionnaire anonyme. Les déterminants psychologiques de la vaccination
et l`effet de la croyance du complot vaccinal ont été mesurés successivement à l`aide de l`échelle 5C (15 items), et l`échelle Vaccine
Conspiracy Beliefs Scale (VCBS) (7 items) dont les scores ont été analysés à l`aide de la courbe ROC.
Résultats: Un total de 1074 professionnels de la santé ont été inclus à cette étude dont 74% ont été des femmes. L`âge médian des participants a été de 31 ans (IIQ: [27-39]) avec une ancienneté professionnelle de 7 ans (IIQ: [3-12]). Le taux global d`acceptation du vaccin
COVID-19 a été de 41%. Les déterminants de l`acceptation de la vaccination COVID-19 ont été: l`âge médian de 33 ans (ORa=1,08; IC95%
[1,03-1,14]), les croyances sur l`origine naturelle du virus (ORa=1,68; IC95% [1,01-2,8]), la responsabilité collective (ORa=1,49; IC95% [1,28-
1,73]), les contraintes (ORa=0,69; IC95% [0,61-0,78]) et la complaisance (ORa=1,31; IC95% [1,16-1,49]). L`analyse ROC a révélé que la
responsabilité collective et les contraintes ont été les principaux prédicteurs de la décision vaccinale chez les personnels de santé.
Conclusion: Le ciblage des déterminants psychologiques pourrait améliorer l`efficacité des campagnes de sensibilisation sur les vaccins
contre la COVID-19: insister sur le sens du collectivisme des professionnels de santé afin d`atteindre une immunité générale, et réduire
les obstacles d`accessibilité à la vaccination tout en accordant un intérêt particulier aux personnes âgées.

Mots-clés :

COVID-19 – Refus de vaccination, Hésitation à la vaccination, Personnel de santé, Algérie.

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Ce travail est disponible sous licence Creative Commons Attribution - Pas d'Utilisation Commerciale - Pas de Modification 4.0 International.

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