Évaluation de l'activité physique dans la polyarthrite rhumatoïde : étude transversale sur 120 patients

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Aicha Ben Tekaya
Leila Rouached
Siwar Ben Dhia
Selma Bouden
Rawdha Tekaya
Ines Mahmoud
Olfa Saidane
Leila Abdelmoula

Résumé

Prérequis : La polyarthrite rhumatoïde (PR) est souvent associée à des comorbidités notamment cardio-vasculaires. Les patients atteints de PR sont plus enclins à l’inactivité physique que la population générale. 


But : Notre étude visait à évaluer l'activité physique (AP) chez les patients atteints de PR et les obstacles qui l'influençaient parmi les caractéristiques de la PR.


Méthodes : Nous avons mené une étude transversale sur 120 patients. Les comorbidités, les caractéristiques des patients, l’activité de la PR et son retentissement fonctionnel (Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ)) ont été évalués. L'AP a été évaluée par la version courte de l’International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ-S). Les facteurs influençant l'AP ont été analysés.


Résultats :  L'âge moyen était 56,1±10,1 ans avec un sex-ratio de 0,14. Les comorbidités notées étaient: hypertension artérielle (30,7%), diabète (18,4%) et obésité ou surpoids (71,1%). L’activité de la maladie était modérée à élevée chez 55,6% des patients. Le HAQ moyen était 0,9±0,6.


La moyenne du score IPAQ-S continu était 4226,02±4703 MET-min/semaine. Le niveau d’activité physique (IPAQ-S catégorique) était faible chez 24,2% des patients, modéré chez 30,8% et élevé chez 45%.


L'IPAQ-S continu était négativement corrélé avec l'âge (r=-0,18;p=0,045), l'âge de début de la maladie (r=-0,18;p=0,049) et le HAQ (r=-0,25;p=0,01). L'IPAQ-S catégorique était significativement associé au HAQ (p=0,03), l’hypertension artérielle (p=0,03) et la goutte (p=0,02).


Conclusion :  L’AP chez les patients atteints de PR peut apporter une amélioration significative de la qualité de vie et la fonction. Une AP régulière doit faire partie de la prise en charge de la PR.

Mots-clés :

Polyarthrite Rhumatoïde, Activité Physique , Activité de la maladie

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